HIV Outbreak Linked to Reused Syringes at Pakistani Hospital

The BBC Eye investigation has uncovered shocking evidence that highlights ongoing unsafe medical practices at THQ Taunsa Hospital in Pakistan. The hospital's failure to adhere to basic sterilization protocols is linked to an alarming HIV outbreak among children, with 331 cases identified between November 2024 and October 2025.

Unsafe Practices Persist Despite Promises

The investigation reveals that despite local authorities promising a "massive crackdown" in March 2025 following the initial discovery of contaminated injections, dangerous practices continued. During undercover filming over 32 hours at THQ Taunsa Hospital late last year, BBC Eye witnessed syringes being reused on multi-dose vials multiple times.

Dr Altaf Ahmed, a consultant microbiologist and one of Pakistan's leading infectious disease experts, explained the risks associated with these practices. "Even if they have attached a new needle," he said, "the back part, which we call the syringe body, has the virus in it, so it will transfer even with a new needle."

The Human Impact

Mohammed Amin and Asma are two of many children affected by this outbreak. Mohammed was eight when he died shortly after testing positive for HIV; his fevers were severe enough that he insisted on sleeping in the rain, while experiencing pain so intense it felt like being thrown into hot oil according to his mother Sughra.

Asma, now 10 years old and also diagnosed with HIV around the same time as her brother, mourns at Mohammed's graveside. Their family believes both children contracted the virus from injections during routine medical treatment at THQ Taunsa Hospital in Punjab province.

The Need for Immediate Action

While local authorities have taken some steps to address this crisis by suspending the hospital’s medical superintendent, more needs to be done. The continued use of contaminated equipment underscores a systemic issue that requires comprehensive reform and oversight within Pakistan's healthcare system.

This incident highlights broader concerns about public health infrastructure in developing nations where resources may be limited but patient safety should never compromise quality care standards.